Type of essay paper: Cov zajlus muaj ntau dua no, tiamsis 4 yam hauv no yog cov uas raug siv heev rau kev kawm.
- Descriptive essay: Zajlus piavmeej
- Narrative essay: Zajlus livxeej
- Comparative essay: Zajlus pivzeej
- Persuasive essay: Zajlus yaumseej
Descriptive essay is to have students describe something, object, person, place, experience, emotion, situation, etc.
Zajlus piavmeej yog kom cov meyes piav kom meej txog tej yam khoom, tej tus neeg, tej thaj chaw, tej yam uas tau ua dhau los, tej kev tusiab/whovsiab/zoosiab, tej lub tsamthawj, thiab lwm yam.
Piavmeej ces yog piav kom meej txog yam uas koj sau ntawd.
Narrative essay is to have students tell story, fairy tale, movie, joke etc.
Zajlus livxeej yog kom cov meyes qhia tej zaj dabneeg/neejneeg, yeebyajkiab, tsodag, thiab lwm yam.
Lolus livxeej los ntawm lolus livxwm, sau kom muaj chaw pib chaw xaus li zaj livxwm thiab zaj dabneeg.
Comparative essay is to have students compare the similarities and differences of two more subjects.
Zajlus pivzeej yog kom cov meyes muab 2 yam los sib piv qhov uas zoo sib xws thiab qhov zoo sib txawv.
Lolus pivzeej los ntawm lolus sib piv thiab lolus zeej. Zeej li majzeej.
Persuasive essay is to have students use logic and argument to convince readers of their points of view: use research, stating facts, example, and quotes from experts.
Zajlus yaumseej yog kom cov meyes siv lus qhia los lus cam coj los yaum kom cov nyeem pom lawv lub zeem (point of view): siv kev tshawbfawb, siv tseebpheej (yam tseeb-muaj puavpheej), siv zamwwv, tej lus tseemceeb uas cov tub txawg hais cia.
Lolus yaumseej los ntawm lolus yaum thiab seej. Yaum kom lawv pom yus lub zem thiab lawv seej rau lub zem. Thaum kawg kom coj tau lawv los raws yus lub zeem (point of view).
Zajlus Essay
- 1. Jug-lus cobzeem (introductory paragraph). Jug-lus no yuav tsum muaj ib kab-lus cogjia (thesis statement). Kab-lus no khi rau cov kablus hautshaj (topic sentences) ntawm lub cevlus (Body).
Uantej koj yuav sau ib zajlus, koj yuav tau pib nqe 2 li nram.
Pre-writing: Pib Sau
1. Exploring possible topics: Tshawb qhov hautshaj.
2. Choosing and narrowing a topic: Xaiv thiab muab qhov hautshaj ua kom nqaim.
3. Identifying purpose and audience: Xaiv qhov cuvpajxoos thiab tsoomtxais (cov nyeem, mloog, saib).
4. Collecting and organizing details: Tshawb thiab teebdhos cov jiavlus.
Muab koj ib qhov hautshaj coj los ua kom nqaim.
Piv li: Tsiab Pebcaug
1. Lwm sub
2. Hu plig
3. Wuav cev
4. Noj tsiab
5. Dhia qaib
6. Seevcev (music and dance)
7. Dhiacev (sport)
8. Muag Khoom
Tomqab koj muab cais li no lawm. Koj yuav pom tias koj yuav sau rau leeg twg (tsoomtxais) thiab koj qhov cuvpajxoos (purpose) yog dabtsi tiag.
Yog koj qhov cuvvajxoo rau tsoomtxais kom lawv paub txog Hmoob li kev cai dab qhuas, koj yuav xaiv sau nqe 1, 2, thiab 3.
Hauv qab no yog lub cevlus (body). Koj muab sau ua nqe thiab teev cov jiavlus (outline the details).
I. Lwm Sub
A. Cuab yeej
- Pos ncag
- Txoj saw nqeeb
- Cov kauj toogbaj nqeeb
B. Pibxaus (process)
- Tus txiv lwm sub
- Cov neeg thiab khaub ncaws
- Ncig
a. 3 lwm mus
b. 3 lwm los
4. Tua tus qaib
5. Cov neeg mus tsev
II. Hu plig
A. Uantej hu plig
1. Ceeb vajtse
B. Cuab yeej
1. Txhuv
2. Qe
3. Xyab
4. Nruas neeb
5. Kuam neeb
6. Gawm qaib
III. Wuav cev
A. Dadej
B. Wuav kotaw
Tomqab koj teeb tau cov nqe uas yuav sau lawm, koj yuav los xav seb koj yuav sau jug-lus cobzeem (nqe 1) li cas. Jug-lus no yog jug-lus uas koj yuav rub tsoomxais lub siab los nyeem koj zajlus. Yog koj rub tsis tau lawv lub siab ces lawv yuav tsis nyeem koj zajlus. Dhau li ntawd, koj yuav tsum sau koj kab-lus tsijees (thesis sentence) kom meej. Kab-lus no yuav tsum khi rau cov kab-lus hautshaj ntawm cov jug-lus hauv lub cevlus (body).
Xav tsawg tsuag ces pib sau ntag. Yog muaj caij, koj mam rov los nyeem thiab kho tej yam uas tsis zoo lossis tsis meej.
Jug-lus cobzeem (Introduction)
Hmoob lub peb-caug yog kev so thiab kev lomzeem xwb lossis nws muaj lwm yam tseemceeb thiab? Feem ntau, sawvdaws yeej pom kev so thiab kev lomzeem xwb, tiamsis Hmoob yeej muaj tau yam uas tseemceeb tshwmsim rau hauv lub peb-caug no. Ib yam tseemceeb uas sawvdaws tsis nco xav txog yog lwm sub, hu plig, thiab wuav yus tug kheej.
3 Jug-lus hauv Lub Cevlus (The body)
Hmoob kev lwm sub muaj ib co cuab yeej thiab tus lw rau koj taug. Yam xub pib, koj yuav tsum nrhiav kom tau tus pos ncag thiab hlais kom tau ib pob nqeeb. Thaum tau ob yam khoom no lawm ces koj muab tus pos ncag los ua tus ncej txheb thiab muab ib cov nqeeb los ua txoj saw nqeeb thiab khi nws rau tus pos ncag. Txoj saw nqeeb no raug khi saum lub jis pos ncag thiab dauv los rau hauv peb teb. Dhau ntawd, peb muab ib cov nqeeb los ua kauj toogbab rau txhua tus uas yuav los lwm sub coj. Yog tej tug neeg tsis nyob tsev, peb muab nws cov khaub ncaws nrog peb lwm sub. Tomqab cov no tiav tag, tus txiv lwm sub tuav tus lau qaib thiab pib ntuas cov lus xa sub tawg sub jha thiab foom hmoo zoo rau cov neeg. Cov neeg zej zog chaws txoj hlua nqeeb mus 3 ncig rov 3 ncig. Xaus kiag ntawd, tus txiv lwm sub txiav kiag tus lau qaib caj dab thiab cia nws dhia mus tuag. Cov neeg zej zog rov mus nyias vaj nyias tsev.
Thaum tsev neeg rov txog tsev, leej txiv baj cheeb tsev thiab lub rooj hu plig. Nws muab tib teg blooj tsuab los cheeb lub vaj lub tsev. Nws pib ib tog zus thiab ntiab tej yam tsis zoo kom tawm lub tsev mus rau hnub coog hli kawg. Txuas kiag ntawd, tus hu plig teeb kiag lub rooj hu plig uas muaj tais txhuv, cov xyab, thiab cov qe. Nws muaj kiag gawm qaib tso rau ntawm lub rooj ib sab thiab pib hu plig. Nws ntaus lub nruas neeb thiab khob kuam rau tus ja qhovrooj. Nws tsa suab hlo nqee me plig nyiaj plig kub, plig niam plig txiv, plig me tub plig whais kom lo sawv tsees rov los tsev. Tomqab nws hu txij thiab hu txhua, nws mam muab txwm kuam los ntau thiab qaws juj duab juj hlau rau hauv vaj hauv tsev.
Uantej nce chaw pw, tsev neeg tseem tshuav ib yam kev cai uas yuav tau ua: dadej thiab wua kotaw. Tomqab sawvdaws muab pluas hmo noj tas, niam thiab txiv rhaub dej sosov rau tsev neeg da. Teb chaw toj siab tsis zoo li tim Mekas no ces txoj kev dadej yog wuav ib ce thiab txhuam kauv kom hu si. Tas ntawd, lawv thiaj mam wuav thiab txhuam kotaw kom du lug.
Jug-lus xaus (conclusion)
Kev lwm sub muaj ib cov cuaj yeej rau peb siv thiab muaj ib txoj lw rau peb taug. Kev hu plig los kuj xws li kev lwm sub. Nws yeej muab ib cov cuab yeej rau peb siv thiab muaj ib txoj lw rau peb ua. Kev tu yus lub cev mus txais xyoo tshiab mas nws txawv lo kev hu plig thiab kev lwm sub. Koj yuav tau wuav koj lub cev kom hu si vim koj yuav hnav zam tshiab rau xyoo tshiab. Xyoo tshiab, koj yuav ua yam tshiab: tso qee yam tsis zoo tseg es mus pib yam tshiab, mus jib phoojywg tshiab, mus ua lub neej tshiab, thiab ntau yam tshiab ua koj tsis tau ua dua, jib dua, lossis pom dua.